通过野外调查、标本采集以及文献资料查阅，对甘肃洮河国家级自然保护区野生种子植物进行了全面调查，并对保护区野生种子植物区系的组成及特征进行了探究。结果表明：保护区野生种子植物有85科381属1 054种（含种下等级，下同），包含国家二级重点保护野生植物21种、濒危植物24种。寡种科和单种科以及寡种属和单种属构成保护区植物物种多样性的主体。保护区中最具代表性的优势科和优势属分别为菊科（Asteraceae）（144种）和马先蒿属（Parnassia Linn.）（37种）。区系成分分析结果表明：保护区植物区系在科级和属级水平均以温带分布型为主，占比分别为64.6%和91.1%（不包括世界分布型）；保护区有中国特有属11属，中国特有种393种；从中国特有种分布亚型看，保护区与西南地区、唐古特地区、华北地区均有一定联系，对应的共有种占比分别为86.5%、32.8%和28.5%。保护区种子植物种类较丰富，属的R/T值（植物热带成分与温带成分之比）较小（0.06），进一步佐证保护区种子植物区系的温带特征。综合研究结果表明：甘肃洮河国家级自然保护区种子植物物种多样性丰富，优势及表征类群突出，特有现象明显，植物区系具有温带性、年轻性、复杂性和过渡性特征。

 A comprehensive survey of wild seed plants in Taohe National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province was conducted through field survey, specimen collection, and literature review, and the composition and characteristics of the flora of wild seed plants in this reserve were investigated. The results show that there are 1 054 species （including infraspecies, the same below） of wild seed plants belonging to 381 genera of 85 families in this reserve, including 21 species of national second-class key protected wild plants and 24 endangered species. Oligotypic and monotypic families, along with oligotypic and monotypic genera, constitute the main body of plant species diversity in this reserve. The most representative dominant families and genera in this reserve are Asteraceae (144 species) and Parnassia Linn. (37 species), respectively. The floristic composition analysis result shows that the flora in this reserve are mainly temperate areal types at both family and genus levels, accounting for 64.6% and 91.1%, respectively (excluding cosmopolitan type); there are 11 Chinese endemic genera and 393 Chinese endemic species in this reserve; from the perspective of the areal-subtypes of Chinese endemic species, this reserve shows certain connections with Southwest China, the Tangut area and North China, with corresponding shared species accounting for 86.5%, 32.8%, and 28.5%, respectively. Seed plant species are relatively rich in this reserve, with a relatively low R/T value (ratio of tropical to temperate elements) (0.06) at genus level, further confirming the temperate characteristics of the seed plant flora in this reserve. The comprehensive research results demonstrate that the seed plant species diversity in Taohe National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province is rich, with prominent dominant and characteristic groups, obvious endemic phenomena, and flora exhibiting temperate, youthful, complex, and transitional characteristics.