为探明山西狮脑山自然植物群落的空间异质性规律，采用样方法对狮脑山不同海拔梯度及坡向自然植物群落的植被分布情况进行了实地调查，根据调查结果对不同群落的物种组成及各层次优势种（重要值排名前5的种类）的重要值和生态位宽度进行了比较，并对不同海拔梯度和坡向群落的物种多样性指数进行了比较和曲线拟合分析，还对不同海拔梯度和坡向群落优势种间的联结性进行了分析。结果表明：在狮脑山自然植物群落中共调查到35科65属79种植物。乔木层中，侧柏〔Platycladus orientalis (Linn.) Franco〕的重要值（50.9%）最大，油松（Pinus tabuliformis Carr.）的生态位宽度（Levins指数为6.06）最大；灌木层中，野蔷薇（Rosa multiflora Thunb.）的重要值（41.4%）最大，黄刺玫（Rosa xanthina Lindl.）的生态位宽度（Levins指数为5.71）最大；草本层中，艾（Artemisia argyi H. Lév. et Vaniot）的重要值（35.3%）和生态位宽度（Levins指数为5.03）均最大。总体来看，物种多样性指数、强联结种对数、负联结种对数均随海拔升高呈现“升—降—升”的变化趋势。阳坡的Margalef丰富度指数最高；阴坡的Simpson优势度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高。阳坡和平台的强联结种对最多，尤其是强负联结种对，而阴坡的弱联结和无联结种对数较多。曲线拟合结果显示：坡向与3个物种多样性指数的相关系数均高于海拔。综上所述，狮脑山自然植物群落物种较为丰富，物种多样性和种间联结性受海拔和坡向影响较大，且坡向的影响更大。

 To clarify the spatial heterogeneity patterns of natural plant communities in Shinao Mountain of Shanxi Province, China, field surveys were conducted on vegetation distribution of natural plant communities at different altitude gradients and aspects in Shinao Mountain by using the quadrat method, the species composition and the importance values and niche breadths of dominant species (the top five species in terms of importance value) in different layers of different communities were compared based on the survey results, the species diversity indexes of the communities at different altitude gradients and aspects were compared and subjected to curve fitting analysis, and the associations among dominant species of the communities at different altitude gradients and aspects were analyzed. The results show that a total of 79 species belonging to 65 genera of 35 families are surveyed in the natural plant communities of Shinao Mountain. In the arbor layer, Platycladus orientalis (Linn.) Franco has the highest importance value (50.9%), while Pinus tabuliformis Carr. has the largest niche breadth (the Levins index is 6.06); in the shrub layer, Rosa multiflora Thunb. has the highest importance value (41.4%), while Rosa xanthina Lindl. has the largest niche breadth (the Levins index is 5.71); in the herb layer, Artemisia argyi H. Lév. et Vaniot has both the highest importance value (35.3%) and the largest niche breadth (the Levins index is 5.03). Overall, the species diversity indexes, number of strongly associated species pairs, and number of negatively associated species pairs all exhibit an “increase-decrease-increase” variation trend with increasing altitude. The Margalef's richness index is the highest on sunny slope; the Simpson's dominance index and Shannon-Wiener's diversity index are the highest on shady slope. The strongly associated species pairs are the most, especially strongly negative ones on sunny slope and flat, whereas the number of weakly associated and non-associated species pairs is relatively high on shady slope. The curve fitting results show that the correlation coefficients between aspect and the three species diversity indexes are all higher than those between altitude and the indexes. In conclusion, the species in natural plant communities in Shinao Mountain are relatively abundant, and the species diversity and interspecific associations are greatly influenced by both altitude and aspect, and the influence of aspect is greater.