在实地调查的基础上，采用遥感影像分析、最邻近分析和Moran's I指数分析等方法，对安徽省绩溪县古树的物种组成及县域和村落2个尺度的空间分布特征进行了分析。结果显示：绩溪县共有古树194株，隶属19科28属33种（含变种，下同），其中，常绿树15种，落叶树18种。按树龄（A）划分，一级古树（A≥500 a）10种18株，二级古树（300 a≤A≤499 a）19种41株，三级古树（100 a≤A≤299 a）29种135株。正常株占比86.1%，整体生长状况良好。古树的空间分布在县域尺度上表现出显著聚集性，并在海拔和河网密度下存在高高聚集和低低聚集2种类型。88.7%的古树参与了村落的空间构成，并且，村口分布的古树种类和数量最多。综合分析认为，绩溪县古树的树种组成和分布受自然条件和地域文化的影响，应加强对古树的保护和价值拓展。

Based on field investigation, the species composition of ancient trees in Jixi County of Anhui Province and their spatial distribution characteristics at both county and village scales were analyzed by using methods of remote sensing image analysis, nearest neighbor analysis, Moran's I index analysis, etc. The results show that there are 194 individuals of ancient trees in Jixi County, belonging to 33 species (containing varieties, the same below) in 28 genera of 19 families, among which, there are 15  species of evergreen trees  and 18 species of deciduous trees. According to tree age (A), there are 18 individuals of first-grade ancient trees (A≥500 a) belonging to 10 species, 41 individuals of second-grade ancient trees (300 a≤A≤499 a) belonging to 19 species, and 135 individuals of third-grade  ancient trees (100 a≤A≤299 a) belonging to 29 species. The proportion of normal trees is 86.1%, indicating generally good growth condition. The spatial distribution of ancient trees exhibits significant clustering characteristics at the county scale, and there are high-high and low-low clustering patterns under altitude and drainage density. 88.7% of the ancient trees participate in the spatial composition of villages, and the ancient trees distributed at the village entrances have the largest species number and individual number. The comprehensive analysis suggests that the species composition and distribution of ancient trees in Jixi County are influenced by both natural conditions and regional culture, and conservation and value expansion of these ancient trees should be enhanced.