为更有效地保护濒危植物穗花杉〔Amentotaxus argotaenia (Hance) Pilg.〕，对福建大田大仙峰省级自然保护区穗花杉分布区域开展群落调查，采用Levins指数、Pianka指数，结合方差比率（VR）、χ²检验、Jaccard指数及Spearman秩相关系数，多维度解析主要物种的生态位特征与种间联结性。结果显示：在乔木层20个主要物种中，穗花杉的重要值排名第4（5.30%），Levins指数排名第4（8.80）；在灌木层20个主要物种中，穗花杉的重要值排名第2（6.27%），Levins指数排名第3（8.68），充分显示穗花杉在垂直结构中具备跨层次资源利用能力，生态位优势较为显著。乔木层和灌木层主要物种形成的190个种对的Pianka指数均值分别为0.102、0.101，其中穗花杉与其他19个物种的Jaccard指数均小于0.50，说明这些物种与穗花杉竞争关系不明显。穗花杉所在群落乔木层主要物种总体联结性呈显著负联结，灌木层主要物种总体联结性呈不显著负联结；同时，χ²检验与Spearman秩相关性分析显示：这些主要物种的种间联结性多不显著，穗花杉与多数物种的联结性也不显著，仅在灌木层与肿节少穗竹〔Oligostachyum oedogonatum (Z. P. Wang et G. H. Ye) Q. F. Zheng et K. F. Huang〕呈显著正联结。综合分析认为，福建大田大仙峰省级自然保护区穗花杉所在群落处于演替中后过渡阶段；乔木层和灌木层主要物种间以负联结为主，联结性较弱，且种间独立性较强；穗花杉与多数物种的联结性较弱；群落内主要物种仍在通过长期适应持续优化生态位，为向演替后期的稳定协同积累条件。基于此，在对穗花杉种群进行保护时应重点维护穗花杉核心生境的完整性，通过人工辅助萌发、病虫害防治提升种群自然更新能力，无需过度调控种间竞争关系。

To  conserve the endangered plant Amentotaxus argotaenia (Hance) Pilg. more effectively, a community survey was conducted in its distribution area in Datian Daxianfeng Provincial Nature Reserve of Fujian Province, and the niche characteristics and interspecific associations of dominant tree species were analyzed multidimensionally by using the Levins index and Pianka index in combination with variance ratio (VR), χ² test, Jaccard index, and Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The results show that among the 20 dominant tree species in the arbor layer,  A. argotaenia ranks fourth in the importance value (5.30%) and fourth in the Levins index (8.80); among the 20 dominant species in the shrub layer, A. argotaenia ranks second in the importance value (6.27%) and third in the Levins index (8.68), fully demonstrating its ability to utilize resources across vertical layers, and it has significant niche advantage. The averages of Pianka index for the 190 species pairs formed by the main species in the arbor and shrub layers are 0.102 and 0.101, respectively, among which the Jaccard index between A. argotaenia and the other 19 species are all smaller than 0.50, indicating weak competition relationship between these species and A. argotaenia. The overall association among dominant species in the arbor layer of the community containing A. argotaenia shows a significant negative association, while that among dominant species in the shrub layer show a non-significant negative association; meanwhile, the χ² test and Spearman rank correlation analysis show that most interspecific associations among these dominant species are not significant, and the associations between A. argotaenia and most species are also not significant, except for a significant positive association with Oligostachyum oedogonatum (Z. P. Wang et G. H. Ye)  Q. F. Zheng et K. F. Huang in the shrub layer. The comprehensive analysis suggests that the community including A. argotaenia in Datian Daxianfeng Provincial Nature Reserve of Fujian Province is in a mid-to-late successional transition stage; negative associations are dominant among the dominant species in the arbor and shrub layers, with relatively weak associations and relatively strong interspecific independence; the associations between A. argotaenia and most species are relatively week; dominant species in the community are continuously optimizing their niches through long-term adaptation, accumulating conditions for stable synergy in the late successional stage. On the basis, conservation efforts for the A. argotaenia population should focus on maintaining the integrity of its core habitat, artificial-assisted germination and pest control should be implemented to improve natural regeneration ability of population, and it is not necessary to excessively regulate interspecific competition.