为系统评价黄淮海地区大豆〔Glycine max (Linn.) Merr.〕耐铝特性，发掘耐铝优异等位变异，以黄淮海地区137个大豆品种（品系）为研究对象，采用水培铝胁迫体系，基于主根相对伸长率进行2年耐铝表型鉴定，并采用135个SSR标记在GLM和MLM双模型中进行耐铝性状的全基因组关联分析。结果表明：筛选出7个高耐铝品种（品系），其中丰源5号（Fengyuan5）2年均表现为高耐铝。共定位到覆盖15条染色体的25个显著关联SSR标记，Satt153、Sat_175和Sct_199在双模型和跨年度验证中表现稳定，其中，Satt153贡献率最高且具有3个等位变异。综合分析认为，丰源5号可用于耐铝大豆新种质创制，Satt153Ⅰ可用于分子标记辅助育种。

To systematically evaluate the aluminum-tolerance characteristics of soybeans ［Glycine max (Linn.) Merr.］ in Huang-Huai-Hai region of China and identify their outstanding aluminum-tolerance allelic variations, 137 cultivars (lines) of soybeans in Huang-Huai-Hai region were taken as research objects, phenotypic identification of aluminum-tolerance was conducted over two years by using a hydroponic aluminum stress system, based on relative taproot elongation rate, and a genome-wide association study for aluminum-tolerance traits was performed by using both GLM and MLM models combined with 135 SSR markers. The results show that seven highly aluminum-tolerance cultivars (lines) are identified, among which, Fengyuan5 consistently exhibits high aluminum tolerance over both years. A total of 25 significantly associated SSR markers distributed across 15 chromosomes are identified, and Satt153, Sat_175, and Sct_199 are stably detected in both models and cross-year validation, among which, Satt153 has the highest contribution rate and possesses three allelic variations. The comprehensive analysis indicates that Fengyuan5 can be used for developing novel aluminum-tolerance soybean germplasm, and Satt153I can be used for molecular marker-assisted breeding.